What is DB?
DB files are generic database files that can be created by many different database systems. Most commonly, .db files are SQLite databases - single-file relational databases containing tables, indexes, views, and data. DB files can also be Berkeley DB (key-value store), Microsoft Thumbnail Cache (thumbs.db), or other database formats. The actual structure depends on the software that created it.
DB files are used by mobile apps (Android/iOS), desktop applications, browsers (cookies, history, bookmarks), embedded systems, and local data storage. SQLite .db files power apps like WhatsApp, Firefox, Skype, and thousands of mobile apps. They're ideal for storing structured data without requiring a separate database server, making them perfect for standalone applications.
History
The .db extension has been used by various database systems over decades, with SQLite becoming the most common format using this extension.
Key Milestones
- 1986: Berkeley DB created
- 2000: SQLite released
- 2005: Mobile apps adopt .db files
- 2010: Widespread smartphone usage
- 2015: Billions of .db files in use
- Present: Standard for embedded databases
Key Features
Core Capabilities
- Structured Data: Tables and relationships
- SQL Support: Standard query language
- Single File: Self-contained database
- No Server: Embedded database
- ACID Transactions: Data integrity
- Cross-Platform: Works everywhere
Common Use Cases
Mobile Apps
Local data storage
Desktop Software
Application databases
Browsers
Cookies, history, bookmarks
Embedded Systems
IoT device data
Advantages
- Self-contained single file
- No database server required
- Fast read performance
- Zero configuration
- Cross-platform compatible
- Reliable and stable
- SQL query support
Disadvantages
- Generic extension (format varies)
- Not for high-concurrency
- Limited to single file
- No built-in user management
- Not ideal for very large data
- Requires specific tools to open
Technical Information
Format Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| File Extension | .db, .sqlite, .sqlite3 |
| MIME Type | application/x-sqlite3 (SQLite) |
| Common Format | SQLite (most common) |
| Content | Tables, indexes, data |
| Max Size | ~140 TB (SQLite) |
| Typical Size | 100 KB - 100 MB |
Common Tools
- SQLite: DB Browser for SQLite, SQLiteStudio
- Command Line: sqlite3, Berkeley DB tools
- IDE: DBeaver, DataGrip, HeidiSQL
- Analysis: SQLite Analyzer, DB viewer tools